Search engine skills finishing (Google) (reproduced)
1. General search technology
Default fuzzy search, automatic phrase split
When you directly enter a search term in the search box, Google will perform fuzzy search by default, and can automatically split long phrases or sentences into small words for search;
Exact phrase search
Add half-width quotation marks ([“”]) to keywords to achieve precise search;
Wildcard
Google’s wildcard is the asterisk “*”, which must be used inside the exact search character double quotes. Use wildcards to replace unidentifiable words in keywords or phrases;
Dot matches any character
Unlike the wildcard asterisk “*”, the dot “.” matches characters, not words, phrases, etc. The reserved characters are [, (,-etc;
Boolean logic
Boolean logic is the basic retrieval technology of many retrieval systems, and it is also applicable in search engines. In Google web search, you need to pay attention to: Google and many search engines, the logical relationship between multiple words is logical and (space )
When using logical operators, the words and logical operators need to be separated by spaces, including the various grammars described later, there must be spaces. Logical negation is a special case, that is, the minus sign must be connected with the corresponding word. For complex logical relationships, brackets can be used to group.
Logical AND: [Electronic Industry AND Research Report], there is little difference between spaces and AND and lowercase search results. This example is a research report in the search electronics industry.
Logical OR: [Electronics industry AND research report AND (talent | risk)] This example is to search for talent or risk research reports in the electronic industry.
Logical negation: [Electronics industry AND research report AND (talent | risk) -2007] This example is to search for research reports on talents or risks in the electronic industry, but not in 2007.
Restrictions
The plus sign “+” is used to force a search, that is, the content after the plus sign must be included. Generally used together with the exact search symbol;
Synonym
Search only in English. Generally speaking, adding ~ symbols will result in more search results than not adding them. Overall, the effect is not very obvious.
Number range
Use two dots “..” to indicate a range of numbers. It is generally used to search within the range of date, currency, size, weight, height, etc. It is best to give a certain meaning when used as a range.
[Olympics 1980..2004] When we search for the Olympic Games, especially in 2008, when we search for the word, the first few pages of the search results are almost all related to the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, but some people want to know more The situation of the Olympic Games hosted elsewhere. The example is to search for Olympic information from 1980 to 2004.
[Gree Air Conditioning 2000..2800 yuan] Search price range. This example only searches for information where the price of Gree air-conditioning is between 2,000 yuan and 2,800 yuan.
[Gree Air Conditioning: 2800 yuan] Less than 2800 yuan.
[Gree Air Conditioning 2800.. Yuan] Above 2800 Yuan.
Bracket grouping
Group when logical grouping to avoid logical confusion. Brackets “()” are grouping symbols.
[(Gree Air Conditioning | Haier Air Conditioning) RMB 2800..] Gree air conditioners or Haier air conditioners above 2800 yuan.
2. Advanced search syntax
Search in title
Usually the title is a high-level summary of the content, and the search results in the title will be more accurate. The syntax for restricting the title of the search page or document in Google search is: intitle
Search in text
Search only in the body of a web page or document. The syntax for restricting the search page or document body in the search is: intext
Search in URL
The syntax for restricting the search URL in the search is: inurl.
It is the most powerful of the In-system commands. In other words, this advanced command can directly mine information from the URL of the website. As long as you have a little understanding of the URL format of ordinary websites, you can find what you need in a targeted manner. Resources-even hidden content.
Website builders usually concentrate a certain type of information in a website directory, so searching for words in the URL itself is a restriction on a certain aspect of content. If you add a certain word to match, the search results will be closer to the needs.
Search for pictures-[inurl:photo] Search results for all web addresses that contain the keyword “photo”. If Google image search focuses on displaying images, inurl search allows you to understand the general text content of the page before seeing the image, which is more convenient for judgment.
Using this command, you can often find the content of the keyword group picture (the photo in the command can also be replaced by picture, image, etc.).
Search for music-[inurl: mp3 graduate], search for “graduate” in all web addresses that contain “mp3”. The “graduates” returned at this time must be music, not other topics about “graduates”.
Another effective way to search for music in Google is that MP3 can be replaced with wma/rm, etc.
Search software-[inurl:download qq], directly search the download page of QQ software.
Search for electronic papers-[inurl:eprint “Information Retrieval”] Search for electronic papers related to Information Retrieval (usually such search results can directly download the full text).
Search the content of a specific website [inurl:lib.nit.net.cn lecture] Search http://lib.nit.net.cn for the content of “lecture”, and the network address can have a directory, such as lib.nit .net.cn/dlib.
Anchor link search
When doing a website, sometimes anchors are used to link other parts of a page, so as to facilitate browsing and positioning.
For example, the directory navigation at the top of this page is achieved through anchor links, that is to say, the content of anchor links is usually an important chapter or the beginning of the content of the web page content, so the search for them can also reflect the web page better Subject content to improve the accuracy of search results.
For those who are familiar with web page production, you can view the anchored HTML code from the source code of the web page. For example, this is an anchor link: The first part of the web page Google web search in the anchor link syntax is: inanchor or allinanchor. The search scope is limited to the description text of the link anchor on the page.
Document type limitation
Google web search can not only search web pages, but also search various documents. Only documents can be searched through document type limitation, so that the content of the page is not displayed. The syntax is: filetype.
This grammar is very useful. We often use this grammar when looking for some sample essays or reference materials on the Internet. Filetype searches for specific file types based on file suffixes. For example, the supported documents are: pdf, ppt, doc, xls, etc.; web files: htm, asp, php, etc.
Define search
The grammar of search definition in google web search is: define. Used to search for definitions or explanations.
When you encounter unfamiliar words or abbreviations in reading, studying, researching or writing papers, you can use the grammar to get precise definitions or explanations. And you can understand the definition of multiple languages.
3. Search for web related information
The grammar for searching web page related information provided by Google is: info.
Through this grammar, the snapshot information of the webpage, webpage link status, linked status and similar webpage information can be selected for browsing.
cache: Search Google cached pages (snapshot information)
[Cache:lib.nit.net.cn] The current cache syntax does not support Google Chinese. The link example given here is the result of a search in Google English.
The general situation of using cache syntax is: **When a link is inaccessible (or when the information is blocked); when the information has been modified and you want to see the previous information. **
related: Search for sites related to a specific page
[Related:google.cn] The search results are more search engines. The related syntax is very useful for discovering a certain type of information:
When you search for a library website with related, a large number of library websites will come up, such as [related:lib.nit.net.cn];
when you search for a journal website, you can search for a large number of related journals for the subject area , Such as [related:www.lis.ac.cn]
link: Search all pages linked to a specific URL
[Link:lib.nit.net.cn] Search the page that links to the library of Ningbo Institute of Technology. People who make websites often want to know which pages link to the website. It can also be used to discover what web pages (such as blogs) or favorites a certain page (news, information, etc.) is referenced by. In fact, the best search strategy should be like this: [link:lib.nit.net.cn -site:lib.nit.net.cn], delete your own link to your own page.
site: The search scope is limited to a certain website or top-level domain name.
[Medicine site: edu.cn] Search for information about “medicine” in my country’s education and research network, such as information on medical colleges or majors. This can exclude many companies in the medical field.
[Site:lib.nit.net.cn] Check the number of pages of Ningbo Institute of Technology library indexed by Google. Compare the “size” of different libraries (websites) on the Internet.
[Service site: lib.nit.net.cn] Search all pages about “service” on the website of the Library of Ningbo Institute of Technology. URL can have a path, now search all pages under that URL.
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